En: MACKEY - Masonry Defined

MACKEY - Masonry Defined

Source / Credit: Scanned at Phoenixmasonry by Ralph W. Omholt, PM in May 2007.

MASONRY DEFINED, A Liberal Masonic Education

INFORMATION EVERY MASON SHOULD HAVE

Compiled from the Writings of, DR. Albert G. Mackey 33° and Many Other Eminent Authorities

Questions Every Mason Should Be Able to Answer

A

• ABIF

1. Why was Hiram, our ancient Grand Master, called "ABIF?"

• ABLUTION

2. How is moral purification symbolized?

• ABSENCE

3. What is the ancient rule regarding attendance at Lodge?

• ACACIA

4. What is the symbolism of the sprig of Acacia?

• ACCEPTED

5. Why are Masons said to be "Free and Accepted?"

• ACCORD

6. What is the meaning of "Free Will and Accord?"

• ACCUSATION

7. What is the preliminary step in every Masonic trial?

• ACCUSER

8. Who is the prosecuting officer of a Lodge?

• ACQUITTAL

9. Does acquittal of a Mason by a jury prevent his being tried again by a Lodge on the same charge?

• ACTION ON PETITION

10. What action should a Lodge take on receipt of a favorable report on a petition?

• ACTIVE

11. When is a Lodge or Brother said to be "active?"

• ACTIVE MEMBERSHIP, Prerogative of

12. What are the prerogatives of the active members of a Lodge?

• ADAMS, John Quincy,

13. What President of the United States was a bitter opponent of Freemasonry?

• ADDRESS

14. What are the qualifications of Lodge officers?

• ADDRESSING A LODGE

15. What rules govern a Brother while speaking in a Lodge?

• ADHERING MASON

16. To whom does the term "adhering Mason" apply?

• ADMISSION

17. How many candidates can be made Masons on the same day?

• ADMISSION OF MEMBERS

18. Has the Master the right to deny a member admission to his own Lodge?

• ADMISSION OF NEW MEMBERS

19. What right has a new Lodge with respect to the admission of members?

• ADMISSION OF VISITORS

20. Has the Master of a Lodge the right to decline to admit, as a visitor, a Master Mason in good standing? ADMITTANCE TO THE LODGE 21. What is the duty of the Tiler with reference to the admission of persons to a Lodge room?

• ADMONITION

22. How should a Brother be admonished?

• ADONIRAM

23. Who was Adoniram?

• ADOPTIVE MASONRY

24. What is the relation of women to Masonry in France and in America?

• ADVANCED

25. How is the word "advanced" technically used in Masonry?

• ADVANCEMENT, denial of

26. What is the status of an Entered Apprentice if the Lodge denies him advancement?

• ADVANCEMENT, right of

27. Does an Entered Apprentice have the right of advancement?

• ADYTUM

28. What are the supports of the Adytum or Lodge?

• AFFABILITY

29. Of what were the ancient Lodges schools?

• AFFILIATED

30. What is the distinction between an affiliated and a non affiliated Mason?

• AFFILIATION

31. What is the Masonic meaning of the term "affiliation?"

• AFFILIATION OF NON RESIDENTS

32. Are there any geographical restrictions on the right of affiliation?

• AFFILIATION, petition for

33. To what Lodge or Lodges may a Mason apply for affiliation?

• AGAPE, Love Feast

34. What is the relation of the ancient Love Feast to Masonry?

• AGATE

35. Of what was the stone of foundation formed?

• AGE, LAWFUL,

36. Is the age of twenty one the lawful age of admission in all Masonic jurisdictions?

• AGE, MASONIC

37. Certain numbers are assigned as the symbolic ages of Masons of various degrees. What are they, and why?

• AGENDA

38. How is the word "agenda" used in Masonry?

• AHIMAN REZON

39. What was the book of the Constitutions of the Ancient Masons called?

• AID AND ASSISTANCE

40. To what extent should a Mason extend aid to a worthy distressed brother? AIR 41. By what three elements is a Mason proved?

• ALARM

42. In what sense is the word "alarm" used in Masonry?

• ALOORAN

43. What is the sacred book of the Mohammedans called?

• ALDWORTH, the Hon. Mrs.

44. Has a woman ever been made a Mason?

• ALLAH

45. What is the name of God in the Mohammedan religion?

• ALLEGIANCE

46. What effect does non affiliation have upon the allegiance of a Mason to the fraternity?

• ALL SEEING EYE

47. What is the symbolism of the All Seeing Eye?

• ALLUREMENTS

48. What allurements does Masonry hold out?

• ALMOND TREE

49. What is the symbolism of the Almond tree?

• ALTAR

50. What is the symbolism of the Masonic altar?

• AMALTHEA

51. What is the Steward's Jewel, and why?

• AMEN

52. Why do Masons say "amen" at the close of prayer?

• AMULET

53. What is an Amulet?

• ANCHOR

54. What is the symbolism of the Anchor?

• ANCHOR AND ARK

55. Of what are the Anchor and Ark the emblems?

• ANCIENT CRAFT MASONRY

56. What is included in Ancient Craft Masonry?

• ANCIENT CRAFT MASONRY, degrees of

57. How many degrees were there in Ancient Craft Masonry?

• ANCIENT MASONS

58. Who and what were the Ancient Masons?

• ANDERSON, JAMES, D.D.

59. Who was the author of the "Constitutions of the Freemasons?"

• ANDREW, ST.

60. Who is the patron saint of Scottish Masons? ANNIVERSARIES, Masonic 61. What are the two principal anniversaries of symbolic Masonry?

• ANNUAL MEETINGS OF GRAND LODGE

62. What is the precedent for annual meetings of Grand Lodges?

• ANOMOLY

63. Why is Masonry mysterious?

• ANNUITIES

64. What is the most useful form of Masonic charity?

• ANTI MASONIC PARTY

65. Did the anti Masonic party ever nominate a candidate for President?

• ANTI MASONRY

66. Who was alleged to have been murdered by Masons?

• ANTIQUITY OF FREEMASONRY

67. In what year did Masonry become entirely speculative?

• APORRHETA

68. What is permitted to be printed about Masonry and what is not?

• APPEAL FROM BALLOT

69. Has a Grand Lodge the right to entertain an appeal to reverse a ballot?

• APPEAL FROM GRAND MASTER'S DECISION

70. Does an appeal lie from a decision of the Grand Master to the Grand Lodge?

• APPEAL OF ENTERED APPRENTICES OR FELLOWCRAFTS

71. Does an Entered Apprentice or Fellowcraft enjoy the right of Masonic relief?

• APPEAL, right of

72. What rights does a Mason have to appeal from a decision against him?

• APPEAL TO GRAND LODGE

73. How should an appeal to Grand Lodge be made?

• APPELLANT, status of

74. What is the Masonic status of an Appellant during the pendency of an appeal?

• APPOINTMENTS, Grand Master's prerogative of

75. What is the Grand Master's prerogative with respect to appointments?

• APPOINTMENT OF JUNIOR OFFICERS

76. Who has the prerogative of appointing the junior officers of a Lodge?

• APPOINTMENT OF SUBSTITUTE OFFICERS

77. Who has the right to appoint substitute officers in the absence of appointive officers of a Lodge?

• APRON

78. What is the symbolism of the Masonic Apron?

• ARCHITECTURE

79. What is the relation of Architecture to Masonry?

• ARCHIVES

80. For what were the pillars "B" and "J" used? ARK OF THE COVENANT 81. What was the Ark of the Covenant and for what was it used?

• ARMS OF FREEMASONRY

82. What armorial bearings have been borne by Freemasons?

• ARRANGEMENT

83. How were the 18th Century Lodges arranged?

• ARREST OF WARRANT

84. What is the status of a Lodge whose warrant has been arrested?

• ARTS, liberal

85. In what degree are the seven liberal arts and sciences explained?

• ASCENT

86. How does a Fellowcraft ascend to receive his wages?

• ASHLAR

87. Of what is the Ashlar emblematic?

• ASPIRANT

88. What name is applied to a seeker of Masonic light?

• ASS

89. Of what is the Ass an emblem?

• ATHEIST

90. Why cannot an atheist become a Freemason?

• MASONRY DEFINED
• ATTENDANCE

91. What is the duty of a Mason in respect to attendance at his Lodge?

• ATTESTED COPY OF CHARGES

92. Under what circumstances is it necessary for a Lodge to submit an attested copy of charges against a member?

• AUGUSTAN STYLE

93. In what city are some of the best examples of Operative Masonry to be found?

• AVOUCHMENT

94. What regulations govern Masonic avouchments?

• AVOUCHMENT AT second hand

95. May a Master Mason lawfully vouch for a visitor on the authority of another?

• AXE

96. Why was King Solomon's temple built without the use of iron tools?

• AZURE

97. What is the color appropriate to symbolic Masonry?

B

• BABYLONISH CAPTIVITY

98. What punishment was meted out to the Jews who failed to keep the ordinances of Jehovah?

• BACH

99. What is the symbolism of the fourth point of fellowship?

• BADGE

100. What is the badge of a Master Mason and Why?

• BALDACHIN

101. What is the symbolism of the canopy over the Master's chair?

• BALLOT, method of

102. What is the proper method of conducting the ballot?

• BALLOT, reconsideration of

103. Has a Grand Master power to order reconsideration of a ballot?

• BALLOT, secrecy of the

104. Has a Mason the right to announce how he has cast his ballot for a candidate?

• BALLOT UNDER DISPENSATION

105. Do the members of a Lodge under dispensation have the right of ballot on candidates?

• BAND

106. How should lodge officers wear their jewels?

• BANQUET

107. Should the Worshipful Master be present at Masonic banquets?

• BARE FEET

108. What is the symbolism of pulling off the shoes?

• BASILICA

109. What is a Basilica?

• BATON

110. What is the badge of the Marshal of a Lodge?

• BEAUTY

111. Why do Masons cultivate order, harmony and beauty?

• BEEHIVE

112. Of what is the beehive emblematic?

• BEHAVIOR

113. What is the ethical code of Freemasonry?

• BELIEF

114. Upon what scriptural basis are the lectures of Freemasonry largely founded?

• BENAI

115. How were the Fellowcrafts employed in the building of King Solomon's temple?

• BENEFITS

116. Of what do the charities of the Masonic order (in part) consist?

• BETRAYING

117. Do we betray Masonic secrets?

• BIBLE

118. What is the relation of the Bible to Freemasonry?

• BIBLE, requirement of

119. Is a candidate for Masonry required to believe in the divine authenticity of the Scriptures?

• BLACK

120. What do the colors, black and white, symbolize?

• BLACK BALLS

121. Is the rule that one black ball rejects of universal application?

• BLAZING STAR

122. What is the symbolism of the blazing star?

• BLUE MASONRY

123. What is the symbolism of the color blue?

• BOAZ

124. What was the name of the left hand pillar on the porch of King Solomon's temple?

• BOOK OF CONSTITUTIONS

125. What is the Book of Constitutions?

• BOOK OF THE LAW

126. What is the symbolism of the Book of the Law?

• BORDER

127. What are the ornaments of a Lodge?

• BRAZEN PILLARS

128. What do the two pillars on the tracing board represent?

• BREAST

129. What is the duty of a Mason with respect to a Brother's secrets?

• BRIGHT

130. What is a Mason called who has mastered the ritual?

• BROACHED THURNAL

131. What was the Broached Thurnal?

• BROKEN COLUMN

132. Of what is the broken column emblematic?

• BROTHERHOOD

133. In what sense is Freemasonry called a brotherhood?

• BROTHERLY KISS

134. How does the Master of a European Lodge greet a newly made Mason?

• BROTHERLY LOVE

135. What Masonic duties are implied by the tenets of brotherly love?

• BULL, PAPAL

136. What were the bulls issued by the Popes against the Masonic order?

• BURIAL

137. What right of burial has a Master Mason?

• BURIAL, Masonic

138. May an Entered Apprentice or Fellowcraft take part in a Masonic funeral procession?

• BURIAL OF ENTERED APPRENTICES

139. Does an Entered Apprentice have the right of Masonic Burial?

• BURIAL PLACE

140. Where is the burial place of a Master Mason?

• BURIED TREASURES

141. Where were treasures commonly concealed in ancient times?

• BUSINESS

142. On what degree should the business of a Lodge be transacted, and why?

• BY LAWS

143. What are the rules called that govern a Lodge?

• BY LAWS, powers of Grand Lodge over

144. What are the powers of a Grand Lodge with respect to the by laws of a subordinate Lodge?

• BY LAWS, right of making

145. Has a Lodge the right to prescribe its own by laws?

• BY LAWS, uniform code of

146. Has a Grand Lodge the right to prescribe the by laws of constituent Lodges?

C

• CABLE TOW'S LENGTH

147. What is the length of a Mason's cable tow?

• CABUL

148. What country did King Solomon cede to Hiram, King of Tyre?

• CALENDAR

149. What calendars have been adopted by the various branches of Freemasonry?

• CALLING OFF

150. What term is applied to the temporary postponement of the labors of a Lodge?

• CANDIDATE

151. What are the qualifications for admission to Freemasonry?

• CARDINAL POINTS

152. What is the Masonic significance of the cardinal points?

• CARDINAL VIRTUES

153. What are the four cardinal virtues?

• CARPET

154. What is the Masonic carpet?

• CATECHISM

155. What part of the Masonic ritual is in the form of a catechism?

• CATHERINE

156. What great woman ruler prohibited Masonry in her country, and afterwards fostered, encouraged and protected it?

• CAUTION

157. What new name is given to the Entered Apprentice, and why?

• CAUTIOUS SECRECY

158. Why was secrecy observed by our ancient operative brethren?

• CAVE

159. Where did King Solomon have a cave dug and for what purpose?

• CEDAR

160. What are the characteristics of the cedars of Lebanon?

• CEMENT

161. What is the cement of the Lodge?

• CENSURE, nature and effect of

162. What is the nature and effect of Masonic censure?

• CENTER OF UNITY

163. What is the Masonic center of unity?

• CENTER, opening on

164. What symbolic degree is said to be opened on the center?

• CENTRE

165. How far must the labors of a Freemason penetrate?

• CEREMONIES

166. What should be the mental attitude of one taking the degrees of Masonry?

• CERTIFICATE

167. What is the force and value of a Masonic certificate?

• CHAIN

168. What do all Masons upon earth form?

• CHALK

169. Of what are charcoal and clay emblematic?

• CHANGE FROM OPERATIVE TO SPECULATIVE FREEMASONRY

170. What was the effect of the change from operative to speculative Freemasonry on the status of an Entered Apprentice?

• CHAPLAIN

171. What is the status of the Chaplain in ancient craft Masonry?

• CHAPLAIN, Grand

172. What are the duties of a Grand Chaplain of a Grand Lodge?

• CHAPTER PAST MASTERS

173. Has a virtual or chapter Past Master the status of a Past Master of a Lodge?

• CHARACTER

174. What moral qualifications are demanded of an applicant for the degrees of Masonry?

• CHARGE

175. What solemn admonitions are given at the close of each degree of Masonry?

• CHARGES

176. What is the proper form and effect of Masonic charges?

• CHARGES, Ancient

177. What are the so called Ancient charges?

• CHARGES OF 1722

178. What charges were adopted in 1722, and by whom were they presented?

• CHARITY

179. What is the brightest ornament of our Masonic profession?

• CHARTER

180. What document is required to make the meetings of a Lodge regular?

• CHASTITY

181. What is the ancient admonition of the craft with respect to chastity?

• CHIEF POINT

182. What is the chief point in Masonry?

• CHILDREN OF LIGHT

183. As true Masons, from what do we stand redeemed?

• CHOICE OF OFFICERS

184. What qualifications should be required of officers of a Lodge?

• CIRCLE

185. Of what is the circle emblematic?

• CIRCLE AND PARALLEL LINES

186. Of what is the point within a circle emblematic?

• CIRCUMSPECTION

187. What is a Mason's duty as to his words and carriage?

• CLASSES

188. How did King Solomon classify the workmen on the temple?

• CLAY GROUND

189. Where were the pillars of the Temple cast?

• CLEAN HANDS

190. What is the symbolism of clean hands?

• CLEMENT XII

191. Who was the Pope who issued a bull against Freemasonry?

• CLOSING

192. Can a Masonic Lodge be adjourned?

• CLOTHED

193. When is a Mason properly clothed?

• CLOTHING, partial

194. Of what, in Masonry, is partial clothing a symbol?

• COERCION

195. Should anyone be urged to become a Mason against his will?

• COFFIN

196. Of what is the Coffin emblematic?

• COLLECTION OF LODGE DUES

197. What are the duties of the Secretary with reference to the collection of Lodge dues?

• COLORS

198. What are the Masonic colors and what do they represent?

• COMMITTEE APPOINTMENTS

199. What is the prerogative of the Master with reference to lodge committees?

• COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE

200. Is it lawful for a Masonic Lodge to sit as a committee of the whole?

• COMMITTEES, regulations governing

201. What are the regulations which govern committees of the Lodge?

• COMMUNICATION

202. What term signifies a regular meeting of a Lodge?

• COMMUNICATION OF CHARGES

203. How may charges of un-masonic conduct be communicated to a non resident brother?

• COMO

204. What city was headquarters of the operative Masons during the dark ages?

• COMPASSES

205. Of what is a line drawn by the compasses emblematic?

• COMPLAINT

206. How should complaints against a brother be handled?

• COMPOSITION OF GRAND LODGE

207. What is the definition of a Grand Lodge and of whom is it composed?

• CONCORD

208. Upon what should the Master of a Lodge found his government?

• CONDUCTING CANDIDATES

209. Who performs the duty of conducting a candidate during Masonic work?

• CONFERRING DEGREES IN GRAND LODGE

210. Has the Grand Lodge the power to confer the degrees of Ancient Craft Masonry?

• CONFIDENCE

211. What is the real meaning of the so called "Oath"?

• CONGRESS, MASONIC

212. What efforts have been made to establish a General Grand Lodge for the United States?

• CONSECRATION, elements of

213. What materials are used by Masons for consecration purposes?

• CONSECRATION OF LODGES

214. What custom should be observed on the day of consecration?

• CONSENT, unanimous

215. What is the origin of the rule requiring unanimous consent to the admission of a candidate?

• CONSTITUTE, legally

216. When is a Lodge legally constituted?

• CONSTITUTION, just and legal

217. When is a Lodge said to be justly and legally constituted?

• CONSTITUTION OF A LODGE

218. What is the effect of the ceremony of constitution?

• CONTROVERSY

219. What subjects of discussion are barred from the Lodge room?

• CONVENING A LODGE

220. Can a Lodge be congregated without the consent of the Master?

• CORINTHIAN

221. What was the origin of the Corinthian columns?

• CORN

222. What is the symbolism of Corn?

• CORNER STONE, symbolism of the

223. What is the symbolism of the Corner stone?

• CORNUCOPIA, or the horn of plenty

224. Of what is the Cornucopia emblematic?

• CORRESPONDENCE OF THE LODGE

225. What is the duty of the Secretary with reference to the correspondence of the Lodge?

• COUNSEL AT MASONIC TRIAL

226. Has a Master Mason on trial the right to employ counsel?

• COVENANT OF MASONRY

227. What are the obligations of the Masonic covenant?

• COWAN

228. Why are Cowans excluded from a Lodge?

• CRAFT

229. Define the word "Craft."

• CRAFTSMAN

230. As a Craftsman, what are you to encourage?

• CREED, a Mason's

231. What is the creed of a Freemason?

• CRIMES, Masonic

232. What constitutes a crime in Freemasonry?

• CRIMES, Masonic punishment of

233. What is the definition of a Masonic crime?

• CROSS LEGGED

234. Who were called "cross legged" Masons?

• CROWN OF THORNS

235. Of what was the "crown of thorns" on the Savior's brow composed?

• CUBICAL STONE

236. What is the legend of the cubical stone?

• CUBIT

237. What is the length of a cubit?

• CURIOSITY

238. What is one of the prevailing passions of the human heart?

• CUSTODY OF THE BALLOT BOX

239. To whom is entrusted the custody of the ballot box?

• CUSTODY OF WARRANT

240. Who has the custody of the warrant of constitution?

D

• DARKNESS

241. Of what is darkness a symbol?

• DAUGHTER OF A MASON

242. What are the privileges of a Mason's daughter?

• DAY'S WORK

243. Why is the Senior Warden's station in the west?

• DEACONS

244. What part have the Deacons in the work of the Craft?

• DEATH

245. What is the symbolic meaning of Death?

• DEBATE

246. What are the Masonic rules of debate?

• DEBATES, prohibited

247. What subjects of debate are prohibited in a Lodge?

• DECISION OF MASTER

248. Has a Master of a Lodge the right to permit an appeal by courtesy from a decision?

• DECISIONS OF THE MASTER, appeals from

249. What rules govern appeals from a decision of a master of a Lodge?

• DECLARATION OF CANDIDATES

250. What declaration is required from candidates for initiation into Masonry?

• DECLARING OFF

251. What is meant by "declaring off?"

• DEDICATION

252. To whom were Lodges formerly dedicated?

• DEDICATION, ceremony of

253. What is the origin of the ceremony of dedication?

• DEFAMATION

254. What is a Mason's duty as to the good name of his brethren?

• DEFINITE SUSPENSION

255. What is the meaning and effect of the Masonic penalty of definite suspension?

• DEFINITION OF FREEMASONRY

256. What is the definition of Freemasonry?

• DEGREE

257. What does the word "degree" signify?

• DEGREES

258. Why are there degrees in Masonry?

• DEGREES, ancient

259. What was the custom of ancient craft Masonry in conferring the three degrees?

• DEMISSION

260. Under what circumstances can a Mason exercise the right of demission?

• DEMIT

261. What is a Masonic demit, and how does it affect his standing in the Craft?

• DEPRIVATION OF RIGHT TO VOTE

262. Can a Mason be lawfully deprived of the right of participation in a ballot?

• DEPUTY GRAND MASTER

263. What are the office and function of a Deputy Grand Master?

• DEPUTY GRAND MASTER, prerogatives of

264. Has the Deputy Grand Master the prerogative of establishing Lodges and granting dispensations?

• DESAGULIERS, JOHN THEOPHILUS

265. Who is called the father of modern speculative Freemasonry?

• DESIGN

266. What is the design of Freemasonry?

• DESTRUCTION OF THE TEMPLE

267. What Masonic degree is based on the destruction of the Temple?

• DEVELOPMENT

268. How may a brother make progress in Masonry?

• DIDACTICAL

269. What is the fourth section of the first lecture called?

• DIFFUSION

270. How did King Solomon diffuse Masonry throughout the world?

• DIPLOMA

271. Why should a Mason carry a traveling certificate or diploma?

• DISCIPLINE

272. What system of discipline should be enforced in Masonic Lodges?

• DISCOVERY

273. What discovery was made at the building of the second Temple?

• DISCUSSION OF BALLOT

274. Has a Mason the right to declare how he voted on a ballot?

• DISPENSATION

275. What is a dispensation and by whom can it be granted?

• DISPENSATION, by laws of Lodges under

276. Has a Lodge under dispensation power to enact its own by laws?

• DISPENSATION, candidates of a Lodge under

277. By what procedure are candidates of a Lodge under dispensation elected?

• DISPENSATION, length of

278. How long does a Lodge usually run under dispensation?

• DISPENSATION, Lodge under

279. What is the status of a Mason made in a Lodge under dispensation?

• DISPENSATION OF UNANIMOUS CONSENT

280. Has a Grand Lodge the right to issue a dispensation to admit a Mason without unanimous consent?

• DISPENSATION TO FILL VACANCY IN THE OFFICE OF MASTER

281. Has the Grand Master the right to grant a dispensation for the election of a Master in the event of the Master's death or disability?

• DISPENSATIONS FOR LODGES

282. What is the status of a Lodge under dispensation?

• DISPUTES

283. How should disputes between Masons be disposed of?

• DISSOLUTION OF A LODGE

284. On what grounds may a Masonic Lodge be lawfully dissolved?

• DISTRESS

285. Is Freemasonry a charitable institution?

• DISTRICT DEPUTY GRAND MASTER

286. What official in British Freemasonry corresponds to the District Deputy Grand Master?

• DIVISION OF MASONIC OFFENSES

287. Into what three classes are Masonic offenses divided?

• DOCTRINES

288. What do the three degrees blend?

• DORIC

289. What is the second order of architecture?

• DOTAGE

290. What is the meaning of the word "dotage" as used in Free masonry?

• DOUBLE PUNISHMENT

291. May charges be lawfully brought by a Masonic Lodge for an offense for which the brother has already been punished by the civil authorities?

• DOUBTS

292. What is a good rule in all doubtful matters?

• DOVE

293. Of what is the dove emblematic?

• DUE FORM

294. What distinguishes "due form" from "ample form"?

• DUE GUARD

295. What does the due guard teach?

• DUE GUARD, meaning of

296. What is the due guard?

• DUES

297. What are the rights of a Lodge with respect to establishing dues and assessments?

• DUES, payment of

298. What is the origin of the custom requiring the payment of dues?

• DUES UNDER SUSPENSION

299. Ts a Mason required to pay dues while under suspension?

• DUMBNESS

300. Can a dumb person become a Mason?

• DUTIES OF LODGE

301. What are the duties of a Lodge with reference to the reputation of ancient craft Masonry?

• DUTIES OF MASTER MASONS

302. What duties do Masons owe to God, their neighbors and them selves?

• DUTY

303. What are the duties of a Mason?

E

• EAST

304. Why does the Worshipful Master sit in the east?

• EAVESDROPPER

305. What was the Masonic punishment for eavesdropping?

• ECCLESIASTICAL OR POLITICAL OFFENSES

306. Can Masonic charges be based upon ecclesiastical or political offenses?

• EDICT OF CYRUS

307. What degrees of Masonry are based on the rebuilding of the Temple?

• EGYPTIAN MYSTERIES

308. What were the Egyptian mysteries?

• ELECTING OFFICERS

309. What qualifications should be sought in the choice of the officers of a Lodge?

• ELECTION OF GRAND WARDENS

310. What was formerly the custom of the Craft with regard to the choice of Grand Wardens?

• ELECTION OF OFFICERS

311. How often and at what time should the officers of a Lodge be elected?

• ELECTION OF OFFICERS OF LODGE UNDER DISPENSATION

312. Has a Lodge under dispensation the right to elect its own officers?

• ELECTIONS, regulations governing

313. What rules govern the election of a Masonic official?

• ELECTION TO FILL VACANCY

314. What steps must be taken to fill a vacancy in an office in a Masonic Lodge?

• ELIGIBILITY AS GRAND WARDEN

315. What is required for eligibility to the office of Grand Warden?

• ELIGIBILITY AS MASTER OF A LODGE

316. What other office must a Master Mason have held to become eligible to be Master of a Lodge?

• ELIGIBILITY AS TILER

317. Who are eligible for election as Tiler in a Masonic Lodge?

• ELIGIBILITY OF PAST MASTERS

318. What are the prerogatives of a Past Master with respect to office in the Grand Lodge?

• ELIGIBILITY OF WARDENS

319. What prerogatives do Wardens enjoy with reference to eligibility for election to office?

• ELIGIBILITY TO ELECTION AS OFFICERS

320. What regulations govern eligibility to office in a Lodge?

• EMBLEM

321. What is the difference between an Emblem and a Symbol?

• EMERGENCY

322. What constitutes a case of emergency in Masonry and who is the Judge?

• ENTERED APPRENTICE

323. As an Entered Apprentice, what was the Mason taught?

• ENTERED APPRENTICES, relief of

324. Are Entered Apprentices entitled to Masonic relief?

• ENTERED APPRENTICE, right of visitation

325. Does an Entered Apprentice have the right of visitation?

• ENTERED APPRENTICE, rights of

326. What rights does a candidate obtain after receiving the Entered Apprentice degree?

• ENTERED APPRENTICE, status of

327. What was the original status of the Entered Apprentice degree?

• ENTRANCE

328. What penitential hymn of King Solomon is read on the entrance of the candidate in the third degree?

• ENVY

329. What should be the attitude of a Mason toward a brother?

• EQUALITY

330. What is a Masonic equality?

• EQUIVOCATION

331. Why must the Masonic oath be taken without equivocation?

• ERASURE FROM THE ROLL

332. What is the status of a Mason whose name has been stricken from the roll for non payment of dues?

• ESOTERIC MASONRY

333. What distinguishes exoteric from esoteric Freemasonry?

• ESSENTIAL SECRETS

334. What are the essential secrets of Masonry?

• ESTABLISHED RELIGION

335. What should be the attitude of Masons toward the Church?

• EUNUCH

336. Why cannot a Eunuch become a Mason?

• EUNUCHS, status of

337. Were Eunuchs ever eligible for initiation into Masonry?

• EVERGREEN

338. Why do Masons wear evergreens at funerals?

• EVIDENCE

339. Is it lawful to admit on appeal new evidence not presented at the original trial?

• EXAMINATION

340. How should we treat a stranger who claims to be a Mason?

• EXAMINATION OF OFFICERS OF A NEW LODGE

341. By whom should the officers of a newly organized Lodge be examined?

• EXAMINATION OF VISITORS

342. Under what circumstances may a visitor be admitted to a Lodge without examination?

• EXCLUSION

343. Has a Lodge a right to exclude a member on cause shown temporarily or permanently, from a Lodge?

• EXCLUSION, meaning of

344. What is the Masonic definition of the word "exclusion"?

• EXECUTIVE POWERS OF GRAND LODGE

345. How are the executive powers of a Grand Lodge exercised?

• EXEMPTION

346. What privileges were given the Masons selected to build the Temple?

• EXEMPTION OF MASTER FROM TRIAL BY LODGE

347. Has a Masonic Lodge the right to try its Master on charges?

• EX POST FACTO LAWS

348. Has the Grand Lodge the right to pass Ex Post Facto laws?

• EXPULSION

349. What is the effect of the expulsion of a Mason from his Lodge?

• EXPULSION BY GRAND LODGE

350. Is it lawful for a Grand Lodge to expel a member of a subordinate Lodge?

• EXPULSION, prerogative of

351. In what body is the prerogative of expulsion from Freemasonry vested?

• EXTENT

352. What is the extent of a Masonic Lodge?

• EXTERNAL

353. Where does the external preparation of a candidate take place?

• EYE

354. Of what is the Eye of God symbolic?

• EYESIGHT

355. Why does the candidate wear a hoodwink?

• Eyesight. He who has been temporarily deprived of his sight is reduced to the condition of a new born babe, or of one of those unfortunate individuals whose natural infirmity renders the presence of a conductor indispensably necessary; but when there are no outward objects to distract his attention, it is then that with the eye of reflection he probes into the deepest and darkest recesses of his own heart, and discovers his natural imperfections and impurities much more readily than he could possibly have done had he not been deprived of his sight. This short deprivation of sight has kindled in his heart a spark of the brightest and the purest flame. "The people which sat in darkness saw a great light." (Mat. iv. 16). We must further admit that those who have been deprived of their sight, and who have hopes of being restored to it, strive most industriously and diligently to obtain it; that they have no greater desire, and that they will most readily pledge themselves to do all that can be required of them, in order to obtain that inestimable blessing.

F

356 - Upon what is the Masonic system founded?

• Fabric. The Masonic system exhibits a stupendous and beautiful fabric founded on universal piety. To rule and direct our passions, to have faith and hope in God, and charity towards man, I consider as the objects of what is termed speculative Masonry.

357 - Why should Masons avoid fanaticism?

• Fanaticism. Fanaticism, or a fanatic, dare not be permitted among Freemasons. We should unanimously strive to obtain that object for which the rules of the Order so powerfully work, and thus there can be no disputes or persecutions among us for diversity of opinion. Every Freemason prays to God in the way his religion teaches him, and he is encouraged so to do in the lodge. If we did not allow the wild dreams of imagination, or the still wilder ones of superstition, to have any effect upon our ideas of God and of godly things, all persecution for difference of religious opinions would fall of themselves. Of fanaticism of whole lodges against each other for a difference in their rituals and systems, there were formerly too many traces; but they have happily for many years entirely ceased. Religious fanaticism cannot have any place in a Freemason's lodge, for the members of every sect of the Christian Church have an equal right in the Order. If a Roman Catholic is at the head of the lodge today, and a Lutheran or a member of the Reformed Church tomorrow, it is scarcely remarked by the brethren.

158 - By which of the five senses does a Mason distinguish a friendly or brotherly grip?

• Feeling. Feeling is that sense by which we are enabled to distinguish the different qualities of bodies, such as hardness and softness, heat and cold, roughness and smoothness, figure, solidity, motion, and extension, all of which, by means of corresponding sensations of touch, are presented to the mind as real external qualities, and the conception or belief of them invariably connected with these corresponding sensations by an original principle of nature, which far transcends our inquiry.

359 - What are the present rights of Fellowcrafts?

• Fellowcraft, Right of. At the present day, Fellowcrafts possess no more rights and prerogatives than do Entered Apprentices. Preston, indeed, in his charge to a candidate who has been passed to that degree, says that he is entitled in the meetings to express his "sentiments and opinions on such subjects as are regularly introduced in the lecture, under the superintendence of an experienced Master, who will guard the landmark against encroachment." If this only means that in the course of instruction he may respectfully make suggestions for the purpose of eliciting further information, no one will, I presume, be willing to deny such a privilege. But the traditional theory that Apprentices were not permitted to speak or vote, but that Fellowcrafts might exercise the former right, but not the latter, has no foundation in any positive law that I have been enabled to discover. I have never seen this prerogative of speaking assumed by a Fellowcraft in this country, and doubt whether it would be permitted in any well regulated Lodge.

It was certainly the usage to permit both Apprentices and Fellow crafts to vote, as well as to speak, but there never was such a distinction as that alluded to in the text. The Old Regulations of the Grand Lodge of England provided that "the Grand Master shall allow any Brother, a Fellowcraft, or Entered Prentice, to speak, directing his discourse to his worship in the chair; or to make any motion for the good of the fraternity, which shall be either immediately considered, or else referred to the consideration of the Grand Lodge, at their next communication, stated or occasional." But this regulation has long since been abrogated. Fellowcrafts formerly possessed the right of being elected Wardens of their Lodge, and even of being promoted to the elevated post of Grand Master, although, of course - and the language of the Regulation implies the fact - a Fellowcraft who had been elected Grand Master, must, after his election, be invested with the Master's degree. At the present day, Fellowcrafts possess no other rights than those of sitting in a Lodge of their degree, of applying for advancement, and of being tried by their peers for Masonic offences, with the necessary privilege of an appeal to the Grand Lodge. 360 - Why cannot a woman be present in an open Lodge of Freemasons?

• Females. The only reason why women cannot be present in an open lodge of Freemasons is that their mysteries, being symbolical of labor as performed by man, could not be shared by women; no honest hearted man could for a moment believe that in mind woman is inferior; if a man existed who thought so, let him ask from whom he first imbibed lessons of piety, virtue and honor. But if women cannot share our labor of work, there is no reason why they should not enjoy our labor of love.

361 - Under what name did our ancient brethren worship Deity?

• Fides. In the lecture of the first degree, it is said that "our ancient brethren worshipped deity under the names of Fides or Fidelity, which was sometimes represented by two right hands joined, and some times by two human figures holding each other by the right hands." The deity here referred to was the goddess Fides, to whom Numa first erected temples, and whose priests were covered by a white veil as a symbol of the purity which should characterize Fidelity. No victims were slain on her altars, and no offerings made to her except flowers, wine, and incense. Her statues were represented clothed in a white mantle, with a key in her hand and a dog at her feet. The virtue of Fidelity is, however, frequently symbolized in ancient medals by a heart in the open hand, but more usually by two right hands clasped. Ilorace calls her "incorrupta fides," and makes her the sister of Justice; while Cicero says that that which is religion towards God and Piety towards our parents is fidelity towards our fellow men. There was among the Romans another deity called Fidius, who presided over oaths and contracts, a very usual form of imprecation being "Me Dills Fidius adjuvet," that is, so help me the god Fidius. Noel says that there was an ancient marble at Rome consecrated to the god Fidius, on which was depicted two figures clasping each other's hands as the representatives of Honor and Truth, without which there can be no fidelity nor truth among men. Masonry, borrowing its ideas from the ancient poets, also makes the right hand the symbol of Fidelity.

362 - Who is responsible for the finances of a Masonic Lodge?

• Finance. The funds of a Lodge are deposited with the Treasurer, who pays them out on the order of the Master, and with the consent of the brethren. According to an ancient practice the funds are first received by the Secretary, who transfers them to the Treasurer, taking his receipt for the same. His yearly accounts are examined by an auditing committee.

363 - What are the moral teachings of the first degree?

• First Degree. In this lecture virtue is painted in the most beautiful colors, and the beauties of morality are strictly enforced. Here we are taught such wise and useful lessons as prepare the mind for a regular advancement in the principles of knowledge and philosophy; and these are imprinted on the memory by lively and sensible images, well calculated to influence our conduct in the proper discharge of the duties of life. The whole is a regular system of morality, conceived in a strain of interesting allegory, which readily unfolds its beauties to the candid and industrious inquirer.

364 - What are the teachings of the five points of fellowship?

• Five Points of Fellowship. The five points of fellowship were thus illustrated in the lectures used by the Athol Masons of the last century:

1. "When the necessities of a brother call for my support, I will be ever ready to lend him a helping hand to save him from sinking if I find him worthy thereof.

2. Indolence shall not cause my footsteps to halt, nor wrath to turn them aside, but forgetting every selfish consideration, I will be ever swift of foot to save, help, and execute benevolence to a fellow creature in distress, but more particularly to a brother Mason.

3. When I offer up my ejaculations to Almighty God, I will remember my brother's welfare, even as my own; for as the voice of babes and sucklings ascend to the throne of grace, so most assuredly will the breathings of a fervent heart ascend to the mansions of bliss.

4. A brother's secret, delivered to me as such, I will keep as I would my own, because, if I betray the trust which has been reposed in me, I might do him an irreparable injury; it would be like the villainy of an assassin, who lurks in the darkness to stab his adversary when unarmed and least prepared to meet an enemy.

5. A brother's character I will support in his absence, as I would in his presence. I will not revile him myself, nor suffer it to be done by others, if it is in my power to prevent it. Thus by the five points of fellowship, we are linked together in one indivisible chain of sincere affection, brotherly love, relief, and truth."

365 - In what degree are the lessons of the five senses explained?

• Five Senses. The brain is wonderfully adapted by its perfect system of nervous sympathy to give the intellectual powers their force, and enable the mind to receive perceptions of every object in the wide creation, that comes within the sphere of hearing, feeling, smelling, tasting, and seeing; these being the five human senses explained in the lecture of the Fellow Craft's degree.

366 - What are the fixed lights of a Lodge?

• Fixed Lights. The fixed lights of a lodge were formerly represented by "three windows, supposed to be in every room where a lodge is held; referring to the cardinal points of the compass, according to the antique rules of Masonry." There was one in the east, another in the west, and another in the south, to light the men to, at, and from labor; but there was none in the north, because the sun darts no rays from thence. These constitute the symbolical situations of the three chief' officers.

367 - Of what is the Mosaic pavement emblematic?

• Floor. In a symbolical lodge, the first object which deserves attention is the mosaic floor on which we tread; it is intended to convey to our minds the vicissitudes of human affairs, chequered with a strange contrariety of events. Today elated with the smiles of prosperity, tomorrow depressed by the frowns of misfortune. The precariousness of our situation in this world should teach us punctuality, to walk uprightly and firmly upon the broad basis of virtue and religion, and to give assistance to our unfortunate fellow creatures who are in distress; let, on some capricious turn of fortune's wheel, we may become dependent on those who before looked up to us as their benefactors.

368 - What is the symbolism of the foot in Masonry?

• Foot to Foot. The old lectures of the last century descanted on the symbolism of foot to foot as teaching us "that indolence should not permit the foot to halt or wrath to turn our steps out of the way; but forgetting injuries and selfish feelings, and remembering that man was born for the aid of his fellow creatures, not for his own enjoyments only, but to do that which is good, we should be swift to extend our mercy and benevolence to all, but more particularly to a brother Mason." The present lecture on the same subject gives the same lesson, more briefly and more emphatically, when it says, "we should never halt nor grow weary in the service of a brother Mason."

369 - What is the function of the Grand Lodge Committee on Foreign Correspondence?

• Foreign Correspondence. Committees of Foreign Correspondence are bodies known only to American Masonry; and until within a few years, as far as the efficient discharge of any duty was concerned, they appear to have been of but little value. But at the present time they occupy an important position in the working of every Grand Lodge.

The Committees on Correspondence are the links which bind the Grand Lodges into one united whole in the pursuit of knowledge; they are the guardians appointed by their respective bodies to inform their constituents what has been the progress of the institution for the past year - to warn them of the errors in discipline or in Masonic science which they may suppose to have been committed - and to suggest the best method by which these errors may be avoided or amended. 370 - What do Masons mean by traveling in a foreign country?

• Foreign Country. The lecture of the third degree begins by declaring that the recipient was induced to seek that sublime degree "that he might perfect himself in Masonry, so as to travel into foreign countries, and work and receive wages as a Master Mason." Thousands have often heard this ritualistic expression at the opening and closing of a Master's Lodge, without dreaming for a moment of its hidden and spiritual meaning, or, if they think of any meaning at all, they content themselves by interpreting it as referring to the actual travels of the Masons, after the completion of the Temple, into the surrounding countries in search of employment, whose wages were to be the gold and silver which they could earn by the exercise of their skill in the operative art.

But the true symbolic meaning of the foreign country into which the Master Mason travels in search of wages is far different. The symbolism of this life terminates with the Master's degree. The completion of that degree is the lesson of death and the resurrection to a future life, where the true word, or Divine Truth, not given in this, is to be received as the reward of a life worthily spent in its search. Heaven, the future life, the higher state of existence after death, is the foreign country in which the Master Mason is to enter, and there he is to receive his wages in the reception of that truth which can be imparted only in that better land. 371 - What is the form of a Masonic Lodge?

• Form of the Lodge. The form of a Masonic lodge is said to be a parallelogram or oblong square - its greatest length being from East to West - its breadth from North to South. A square, a circle, a triangle, or any other form but that of an oblong square would be eminently incorrect and unmasonic, because such a figure would not be an expression of the symbolic idea which is intended to be conveyed. At the Solomonic era - the era of the building of the Temple at Jerusalem - the world, it must be remembered, was supposed to have that very oblong form, which has been here symbolized. If, for instance, on a map of the world, we should inscribe an oblong figure whose boundary lines would circumscribe and include just that portion which was known and inhabited in the days of Solomon, these lines running a short distance North and South of the Mediterranean sea, and ex tending from Spain in the West to Asia Minor in the East, would form an oblong square, including the southern shore of Europe, the northern shore of Africa, and the western district of Asia, the length of the parallelogram being about sixty degrees from East to West, and its breadth being about twenty degrees from North to South. This oblong square, thus inclosing the whole of what was then supposed to be the habitable globe, would precisely represent what is symbolically said to be the form of the lodge, while the Pillars of Hercules in the West, on each side of the straits of Gades or Gibraltar, might appropriately be referred to the two pillars that stood at the porch of the Temple.

A Masonic Lodge is, therefore, a symbol of the world. This symbol is sometimes, by a very usual figure of speech, extended, in its application, and the world and the universe are made synonymous, when the lodge becomes, of course, a symbol of the universe. But in this case the definition of the symbol is extended, and to the ideas of length and breadth are added those of height and depth, and the lodge is said to assume the form of a double cube. The solid contents of the earth below and the expanse of the heavens above will then give the outlines of the cube, and the whole created universe be included within the symbolic limits of a Mason's Lodge. The form of a Lodge should always be an oblong square, in length, between the East and West; in breadth, between the North and the South; in height, from earth to heaven; and in depth, from the surface to the center. This disposition serves to indicate the prevalence of Freemasonry over the whole face of the globe, guarded by its laws, and ornamented by its beautiful tenets. Every civilized region is illuminated by its presence. Its charity relieves the wretched; its brotherly love unites the Fraternity in a chain of indissoluble affection, and extends its example beyond the limits of the Lodge room, to embrace, in its ample scope, the whole human race, infolding them in its arms of universal love. The square form was esteemed by our ancient operative brethren as one of the Greater Lights, and a component part of the furniture of the Lodge. The double cube is an expressive emblem of the united powers of darkness and light in the creation. 372 - What is the Masonic virtue of fortitude?

• Fortitude. By fortitude we are taught to resist temptation, and encounter danger with spirit and resolution. This virtue is equally distant from rashness and cowardice; and he who possesses it is seldom shaken, and never overthrown, by the storms that surround him.

373 - When is the ballot box said to be foul?

• Foul. The ballot box is said to be "foul" when, in the ballot for initiation or advancement of a candidate, one or more black balls are found.

374 - On what days should corner stones be laid?

• Foundation. The Masonic days proper for laying the foundation stone of a Masons' lodge are from the 15th of April to the 15th of May; and the 18th of April has been pronounced peculiarly auspicious, because nothing can be more consonant with reason and propriety, than to commence a building in the early spring, that the workmen may have the whole summer before them to complete the undertaking advantageously, in order that they may celebrate the cap stone with confidence and joy.

375 - How many degrees had Ancient Freemasonry?

• Four Degrees. Ancient Masonry consists of four degrees; the first of which are the Apprentice, the Fellowcraft, and the sublime degree of Master; and the fourth, the Holy Royal Arch.

376 - In what sense is the word "free" applied to Masons?

• Free. The word "free," in connection with "Mason," originally signified that the persons so called were free of the company of gild or incorporated Masons. For those operative Masons who were not thus made free of the gild, were not permitted to work with those who were. A similar regulation still exists in many parts of Europe al though it is not known to this country.

In reference to the other sense of free as meaning not bound, not in captivity, it is a rule of Masonry that no one can be initiated who is at the time restrained of his liberty. The old lectures formerly used in England give the following ac count of the origin of the term: "The Masons who were selected to build the Temple of Solomon were declared Free, and were exempted, together with their descend, ants, from imposts, duties and taxes. They had also the privilege to bear arms. At the destruction of the Temple by Nebuchadnezzar, the posterity of these Masons were carried into captivity with the ancient Jews. But the good will of Cyrus gave them permission to erect a second Temple, having set them at liberty for that purpose. It is from this epoch that we bear the name of Free and Accepted Masons." 377 - How did the title, "Free and Accepted Masons," originate?

• Free and Accepted. The title of "Free and Accepted Masons" was first used by Dr. Anderson in the second edition of the Book of Constitutions, published in 1738, the title of which is "The History and Constitutions of the Most Ancient and Honorable Fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons." In the first edition of 1723, the title was "The Constitutions of the Freemasons." The newer title continued to be used by the Grand Lodge of England, in which it was followed by those of Scotland and Ireland; and a majority of the Grand Lodges in this country have adopted the same style, and call themselves Grand Lodges of Free and Accepted Masons.

378 - What must be the status of a candidate for Masonry?

• Freeborn. No candidate can be admitted into Freemasonry, or share in its occult mysteries, unless he be a free man, of mature age, sound judgment, and strict morality. Nor can any one, although he have been initiated, continue to act as a Mason, or practise the rites of the Order, if he be temporarily deprived of his liberty, or freedom of will, so essential is it to Freemasonry, that its members should be perfectly free in all their actions, thoughts and designs.

379 - What is the distinction between Masonry and Freemasonry?

• Freemasonry. Masonry, according to the general acceptation of the term, is an art founded on the principles of geometry, and directed to the service and convenience of mankind. But Freemasonry, embracing a wider range and having a nobler object in view, namely, the cultivation and improvement of the human mind, may with propriety be called a science, inasmuch as availing itself of the terms of the former, it inculcates the principles of the purest morality, though its lessons are for the most part veiled in allegory, and illustrated by symbols.

380 - What are the best known definitions of Freemasonry?

• Freemasonry, Definitions of. The definitions of Freemasonry have been numerous, and they all unite in declaring it to be a system of morality, by the practice of which its members may advance their spiritual interest, and mount by the theological ladder, from the lodge on earth to the Lodge in heaven. Subjoined are a few of the most important definitions:

"Freemasonry is a beautiful system of morality, veiled in allegory, and illustrated by symbols. " - Hemming.

"The grand object of Masonry is to promote the happiness of the human race. " - Washington.

"Masonry is an art, useful and extensive, which comprehends within its circle every branch of useful knowledge and learning, and stamps an indelible mark of pre eminence on its genuine professors, which neither chance, power, nor fortune can bestow." - Preston.

"Freemasonry is an establishment founded on the benevolent intention of extending and conferring mutual happiness upon the best and truest principles of moral life and social virtue. " - Calcott.

"Freemasonry is an institution calculated to benefit mankind." - Andrew Jackson.

"Freemasonry is a moral order, instituted by virtuous men, with the praiseworthy design of recalling to our remembrance the most sublime truths, in the midst of the most innocent and social pleasures, founded on liberality, brotherly love and charity." - Arnold.

"I have ever felt it my duty to support and encourage the principles of Freemasonry, because it powerfully develops all social and benevolent affections. " - Lord Durham.

"From its origin to the present hour, in all its vicissitudes, Masonry has been the steady, unvarying friend of man." - Rev. Erastus Burr.

"Masonry is one of the most sublime and perfect institutions that ever was formed for the advancement of happiness, and the general good of mankind, creating, in all its varieties, universal benevolence and brotherly love." - Duke of Sussex.

"For centuries had Freemasonry existed ere modern political controversies were ever heard of, and when the topics which now agitate society were not known, but all were united in brotherhood and affection. I know the institution to be founded on the great principles of charity, philanthropy, and brotherly love. " - Bulwer.

"Everything which tends to combine men by stronger ties is useful to humanity; in this point of view, Masonry is entitled to respect" - La Lande.

"I think we are warranted in contending that a society thus constituted, and which may be rendered so admirable an engine of improvement, far from meriting reproach, deserves highly of the community. " - Rev. Dr. Milne.

"Charity, or brotherly kindness, is as much a Masonic as it is a Christian virtue." - Rev. Dr. Slade.

"A Mason's Lodge is a school of piety. The principal emblems are the teachers." - Rev. Dr. Norval.

"The aims of Freemasonry are not limited to one form of operation, or one mode of benevolence. Its object is at once moral and social. It proposes both to cultivate the mind and enlarge and purify the heart." - Rev. J. O. Skinner.

"The Masonic system exhibits a stupendous and beautiful fabric founded on universal piety: To rule and direct our passions; to have faith and love in God, and charity toward man." - Stephen Jones.

"There are Great Truths at the foundation of Freemasonry - truths which it is its mission to teach, and which constitute the very essence of that sublime system which gives to the venerable institution its peculiar identity as a science of morality, and it behooves every disciple diligently to ponder and inwardly digest." - Albert . Pike.

"Its laws are reason and equity, its principles benevolence and love; and its religion purity and truth; its intention is peace on earth; and its disposition good will toward man." - Rev. T. M. Harris.

381 - Why are Masons forbidden to solicit members?

• Free Will and Accord. There is one peculiar feature in the Masonic Institution that must command it to the respect of every generous mind. In other associations it is considered meritorious in a member to exert his influence in obtaining applications for admission; but it is wholly uncongenial with the spirit of our Order to persuade any one to become a Mason. Whosoever seeks a knowledge of our mystic rites must first be prepared for the ordeal in his heart; he must not only be endowed with the necessary moral qualifications which would fit him for admission into our ranks, but he must come, too, uninfluenced by friends and unbiased by unworthy motives. This is a settled landmark of the Order; and, therefore, nothing can be more painful to a true Mason than to see this landmark violated by young and heedless brethren..

382 - On what is the universality of Masonry based?

• Friendship. Friendship is traced through the circle of private connections to the grand system of universal benevolence, which no limits can circumscribe, as its influence extends to every branch of the human race. On this general plan the universality of the system of Masonry is established. Were friendship confined to the spot of our nativity, its operation would be partial, and imply a kind of enmity to other nations. Where the interests of one country interfere with those of another, nature dictates an adherence to the welfare of our own immediate connections; but such interference apart, the true Mason is a citizen of the world, and his philanthropy extends to all the human race. Uninfluenced by local prejudices, he knows no preference in virtue but according to its degree, from whatever country or clime it may spring.

383 - Has the Lodge the right to conduct a funeral procession without a dispensation from the Grand Lodge?

• Funeral Processions. As to the dispensation spoken of in the Regulations of

1754, as being required from the Grand Master or his Deputy, for a funeral procession, as that regulation was adopted at so late a period, it cannot be considered as universal Masonic law. To make it obligatory in any jurisdiction, it is necessary that it should be adopted as a local law by specific enactment of the Grand Lodge of that jurisdiction. And although it may be admitted that, for large cities especially, it is a very wholesome regulation, many Grand Lodges have neglected or declined to adopt it. In the United States, dispensations for this purpose have very seldom, if at all, been required. In deed, Preston, in explaining the object of the regulation, says: "It was planned to put a stop to mixed and irregular conventions of Masons, and to prevent them from exposing to derision the insignia of the Order, by parading through the streets on unimportant occasions; it was not, however, intended to restrict the privileges of any regular Lodge, or to encroach on the legal prerogative of any installed Master." Accordingly, in America, Masons have generally been permitted to bury their dead without the necessity of a dispensation, and the Master of the Lodge engaged in this melancholy task, while supposed to be possessed of competent discretion to regulate the ceremony, is of course held amenable to the Grand Lodge for any impropriety that may occur. 384 - Under what conditions can Masonic burial be granted?

• Funeral Services. No Mason can be interred with the ceremonies of the Order, unless it be by his own request, made while living, to the Master of the Lodge of which he died a member; nor unless he has been raised to the third degree of Masonry; sojourners and officers high in the Order excepted. A dispensation has first to be obtained from the Grand Master before any public procession can be allowed to

385 - What is the furniture of the Lodge?

• Furniture of the Lodge. Every well regulated Lodge is furnished with the Holy Bible, the Square, and the Compasses. These constitute the furniture of the Lodge, being the three Great Lights of Masonry. The first is designed to be the guide of our faith; the second to regulate our actions; and the third to keep us within proper bounds with all mankind.

G

386 - What is the symbolism of the letter "G"?

TO BE CONTINUED

See also

• En:Mackey's Encyclopedia of Freemasonry
• En:Albert Mackey
• Albert Mackey
• En: MACKEY - A
• En: MACKEY - B
• En: MACKEY - C
• En: MACKEY - E
• En: MACKEY - F
• En: MACKEY - G
• En: MACKEY - H
• En: MACKEY - I
• En: MACKEY - J
• En: MACKEY - K
• En: MACKEY - L
• En: MACKEY - M
• En: MACKEY - N
• En: MACKEY - O
• En: MACKEY - P
• En: MACKEY - Q
• En: MACKEY - R
• En: MACKEY - S
• En: MACKEY - T
• En: MACKEY - U
• En: MACKEY - V
• En: MACKEY - W
• En: MACKEY - X
• En: MACKEY - Y
• En: MACKEY - Z

Links

• Phoenixmasonry http://www.phoenixmasonry.org/masonry_defined.htm